Mixed signals from the United States

Nicholas Kristof of The New York Times reports that the United States is assur­ing the Kuwaitis that there will be no democ­racy in a post-Saddam Iraq because the 60 per­cent Shi’ite pop­u­la­tion would quickly estab­lish dom­i­nance:

Kuwaiti rulers seem to think, based on assur­ances from U.S. offi­cials, that Shi’ite dom­i­na­tion is poten­tially so desta­bi­liz­ing that democ­racy is not even an option for Iraq. As Kuwait sees it, the pos­si­bil­i­ties range from a Tommy Franks viceroy­alty to the instal­la­tion of a Sunni Hashemite king, some rel­a­tive of Jordan’s King Abdul­lah II. Jor­dan already seems to be qui­etly lob­by­ing for this out­come. “Democ­racy is just not in the cards there,” one Kuwaiti offi­cial said.

But this is in direct con­flict with state­ments from national secu­rity advi­sor Con­doleeza Rice and Sec­re­tary of State Colin Pow­ell:

The US will be “com­pletely devoted” to the recon­struc­tion of Iraq as a uni­fied, demo­c­ra­tic state in the event of a mil­i­tary strike that top­ples Sad­dam Hus­sein, said Con­doleezza Rice, US national secu­rity adviser. [Finan­cial Times, Sept. 232002]

and

Pow­ell … told the House Inter­na­tional Rela­tions Com­mit­tee that the United States would seek to per­suade Iraqis that an assault on the Hus­sein regime would bring a “new era” defined by “a gov­ern­ment of Iraqis gov­ern­ing Iraqis in a demo­c­ra­tic fash­ion.” [Wash­ing­ton Post, Sept. 202002.]

So what gives here? Will we sup­port democ­racy on won’t we? Are we will­ing to put up with the unpre­dictabil­ity of the bal­lot box? In a col­umn in the National Jour­nal (avail­able only to sub­scribers, sorry,) Tish Durkin inter­views a num­ber of Iraqi oppo­si­tion fig­ures in Dam­as­cus and comes to the not unrea­son­able con­clu­sion that any pup­pet installed by the United States, even a democ­rac­tic pup­pet, would be “a dis­as­ter.“
The Kurds cer­tainly think a democ­racy is in the cards, what with their pro­posed con­sti­tu­tion and all. Fowzi Hariri, the smooth, British-educated deputy head of the KDP Bureau of Inter­na­tional Rela­tions, told me in July that “We want Bagh­dad.” I didn’t know what he meant by that, but he went on to explain that the Kurds want the chance to hold the office of chief exec­u­tive in a Fed­eral Repub­lic of Iraq. “We want a direct say in gov­ern­ment,” he con­tin­ued. “When­ever we have relied on other sys­tems or peo­ple, we have ended up with a dic­ta­tor­ship.“
That was a thinly veiled barb at the on-again, off-again sup­port from the United States. My sus­pi­cion is that we’re at it again, telling the Kurds they will have a place at the table in order to lure them into com­mit­ting to a fight against Sad­dam while we tell the Kuwaitis, Turks and Syr­i­ans that a messy, unpre­dictable demo­c­ra­tic Iraq is “not in the cards,” as the Kuwaiti said to Kristof. And when the ham­mer hits the anvil, I think we’ll hang the Kurds out to dry.
Again.

Saddam defeats … well, no one, really.

NEWS FLASH: Sad­dam Hus­sein won the bal­lot tues­day in Iraq with 100 per­cent of the vote, accord­ing to this arti­cle in the New York Times. As the head­line yes­ter­day on ABC​News​.com said: “U.S. skep­ti­cal.“
I should say so! Reg­u­lar read­ers — both of you — will recall I reported on this last week and talked about the rea­sons for hold­ing the ref­er­en­dum now. But what’s most inter­est­ing to me, for some odd rea­son, is that Sad­dam got 99.96 per­cent of the vote in 1995, and 100 per­cent now. Per­haps the war threat from Amer­ica has ral­lied Iraqis around their leader?
But a bet­ter ques­tion is this: What hap­pened to the 0.04 per­cent — about 3,600 peo­ple, accord­ing to the Times — who voted “no” in 1995? Were they sui­ci­dal or just stu­pid? No doubt they have paid for their mis­take.
Of course this was hardly a free and fair bal­lot, and I should think that every per­son on the planet, except maybe those liv­ing under the North Korean regime, can see through this sham. But it’s an inter­est­ing phe­nom­e­non that Sad­dam feels the need to legit­imize his rule of fear.
“With a leader such as this,” asked a Bedouin tribal elder at the end of the Times piece, “how could Iraqis want to say any­thing but yes?“
Indeed.

Eastward bound…

This is the sec­ond of my posts from Turkey, made after I arrived in Ankara. Prior to my arrival, I met with Turan Cey­lan, the man­ager of the Inter-Continental Hotel in Istan­bul. He’s a Kur­dish suc­cess story, one of many in Istan­bul where many Kurds have set­tled after the PKK trou­bles in the south­east dur­ing the 1980s and 1990s. I didn’t get much to get out of the inter­view, except that he is pro-EU (he’s a busi­ness­man) and he believes that dis­crim­i­na­tion against Kurds is blown way out of pro­por­tion by West­ern press (which is easy for him to say; he comes from a rich fam­ily that runs one of the largest con­struc­tion firms in Turkey.)

This was an atti­tude I dis­cov­ered among many middle-class Istan­bul res­i­dents. Aydin Kudu, my orig­i­nal fixer before he suf­fered a hip injury, had me over for din­ner and dur­ing the post-prandial tea, he and Raia, his girl­friend and some­times partner-guide, said the same thing: There is no dis­crim­i­na­tion in Turkey; Kurds can do what­ever they like, as long as they don’t break any laws.

On one level, they have a point. At least one pres­i­dent of Turkey, Turgut Ozal, has claimed Kur­dish ances­try and Istan­bul has seen a num­ber of Kurds other than Cey­lan rise to suc­cess in the busi­ness­world. But there is a great deal of unknown truth in the state­ment that “Kurds can do what­ever they like, as long as they don’t break any laws.” But until recently, it was ille­gal to be Kur­dish. It was ille­gal to teach or sing in Kur­dish. Yes, Kurds could suc­ceed in Turkey, but only if they assim­i­lated and acted Turk­ish. And even then, if someone’s ID card listed them as hail­ing from the south­east, they would often be greeted with sus­pi­cion and had a harder time find­ing jobs in the more cos­mopoli­tan west­ern part of the country.

At any rate, this gave me much to think about. So after a cou­ple of days, I took a bus from Tak­sim in Istan­bul where Aykut Uzun, my fixer, met me. After five hours on the road in Turkey, I was glad to see him.

Con­tinue read­ing

Issues with Internet Explorer 6

Greet­ings. It has recently come to our atten­tion that there’s a bug in Inter­net Explorer 6 for Win­dows that pre­vents pages dis­played with stylesheets (such as this one) from load­ing com­pletely. You may see the prob­lem if you try to scroll past the “Pow­ered by Mov­able­Type” logo at the bot­tom of the right col­umn. The left col­umn (the main con­tent) is cut off right there, and you can’t scroll down past the end of the right column.

This is a known bug in IE6. Heavy sigh. And there’s no known solu­tion yet, although there are a cou­ple of workarounds. You might try hit­ting the F11 (refresh key, I think) twice in quick suc­ces­sion. Or try resiz­ing the browser win­dow a lit­tle. That is sup­posed to clear it up, although we’ve not been able to test this yet.

If you have this prob­lem please email us about it. And if either of the tricks we men­tioned above work, please let us know.

Thank you for your patience and coop­er­a­tion,
The Man­age­ment

Bahceli: “Turkey cannot allow the establishment of a Kurdish state”

More noise from the Turk­ish press, this time from Turkiye, a nation­al­ist news­pa­per. Start­ing to get inter­est­ing now:

On a cam­paign swing through cen­tral Ana­to­lia yes­ter­day, Nation­al­ist Action Party (MHP) leader Devlet Bahceli under­scored his party’s pledge to pro­tect Turkey’s sov­er­eignty and ter­ri­to­r­ial integrity. Address­ing a rally in Kirikkale, Bahceli stressed how recent devel­op­ments in north­ern Iraq were drift­ing dan­ger­ously towards the estab­lish­ment of a state there, a devel­op­ment he said Turkey could in no way allow. He fur­ther charged that cer­tain Euro­pean Union har­mo­niza­tion laws had been passed only at the EU’s behest, since “the cit­i­zens of Turkey never asked for such laws.” Speak­ing later in Kay­seri, Bahceli alleged that pub­lic opin­ion polls appear­ing in the news were meant to deceive the pub­lic, not inform them. In a num­ber of polls pur­port­ing to fore­cast Nov. 3 elec­tion results, the MHP has not fared espe­cially well.